Substitute For
SENATE BILL NO. 899
A bill to amend 1976 PA 390, entitled
"Emergency management act,"
by amending section 11 (MCL 30.411), as amended by 2005 PA 321.
the people of the state of michigan enact:
Sec. 11. (1) Personnel of disaster relief forces while
on duty are subject to all of the following provisions:
(a) If they are employees
of this state, they have the powers, duties, rights, privileges, and immunities
of and receive the compensation incidental to their employment.
(b) If they are employees
of a political subdivision of this state, regardless of where serving, they
have the powers, duties, rights, privileges, and immunities and receive the
compensation incidental to their employment.
(c) If they are not
employees of this state or a political subdivision of this state, they are
entitled to the same rights and immunities as provided by law for the employees
of this state. All personnel of disaster relief forces shall, while on duty, be
subject to the operational control of the authority in charge of disaster
relief activities in the area in which they are serving, and shall be
reimbursed for all actual and necessary travel and subsistence expenses.
(2) This state, any
political subdivision of this state, or the employees, agents, or
representatives of this state or any political subdivision of this state are
not liable for personal injury or property damage sustained by any person
appointed or acting as a member of disaster relief forces. This act does not
affect the right of a person to receive benefits or compensation to which he or
she may otherwise be entitled to under the worker's disability compensation act
of 1969, 1969 PA 317, MCL 418.101 to 418.941, any pension law, or any act of congress.Congress.
(3) This state or a
political subdivision of this state engaged in disaster relief activity is not
liable for the death of or injury to a person or persons, or for damage to
property, as a result of that activity. The employees, agents, or
representatives of this state or a political subdivision of this state and
nongovernmental disaster relief force workers or private or volunteer personnel
engaged in disaster relief activity are immune from tort liability to the extent
provided under section 7 of 1964 PA 170, MCL 691.1407. As used in this section,
"disaster relief activity" includes training for or responding to an
actual, impending, mock, or practice disaster or emergency.
(4) A person licensed to practice
medicine or osteopathic medicine and surgery or a licensed hospital, health care professional or a health care facility, whether
licensed in this or another state or by the federal government or a branch of
the armed forces Armed Forces of the United States, or an
individual listed described in subsection (6), who renders
health care services
during a state of disaster declared by the governor and at the express or implied request of a state official or
agency or county or local coordinator or executive body, under this act or under a state of emergency declared
under 1945 PA 302, MCL 10.31 to 10.33, in support of this state's response to
the state of disaster declared under this act or under a state of emergency
declared under 1945 PA 302, MCL 10.31 to 10.33, is considered an
authorized disaster relief worker or facility and is not liable, for an injury sustained by a person by reason of those services, civilly or criminally, for any harm or damages
sustained or alleged to have been sustained as a result of any act or omission
occurring in the course of arranging for, providing, or making decisions
regarding health care services regardless of how or under what
circumstances or by what cause those injuries are sustained. The immunity
granted by this subsection does not apply in the event of an act or omission
that is willful or gross negligence, constitutes willful or intentional criminal misconduct, or constitutes
intentional infliction of harm by the health care facility, health care professional,
or other health care provider arranging for, providing, or making decisions
regarding health care services. However, those acts, omissions, or decisions
impacting any patient, employee, agent, family member, volunteer, visitor,
business partner, or other individual resulting in whole or in part from a shortage
of personal protection equipment, resources, medical equipment, or staffing is
not considered to be willful or gross negligence, willful or intentional
criminal misconduct, or an intentional infliction of harm. The immunity granted
under this section extends to a health care professional's or health care
facility's reliance on a patient's advanced directive witnessed by health care facility
employees, provided that those employees were not directly involved in the
patient's care prior to witnessing the patient's advanced directive. Nothing in
this section affects the rights conferred on injured employees and employers
under the worker's disability compensation act of 1969, 1969 PA 317, MCL
418.101 to 418.941, including, but not limited to, the definition of
intentional tort and the exclusive remedy provisions available to employees as
provided in sections 131 and 827 of the worker's disability compensation act of
1969, 1969 PA 317, MCL 418.131 and 418.827. If a civil action for
malpractice is filed alleging an act or omission that is willful or gross
negligence resulting in injuries, the services rendered that resulted in those
injuries shall be judged according to the standards required of persons
licensed in this state to perform those services. The immunity granted to health care professionals and health care
facilities under this subsection due to this state's response to the COVID-19
pandemic applies to any acts or omissions while providing health care services
related to the COVID-19 pandemic during the COVID-19 state of emergency or
state of disaster, including any period of extension or renewal, and begins retroactive
to March 10, 2020, the date of the declaration of the COVID-19 state of
emergency. Nothing in this section removes or limits any immunity conferred by
any other provision of law of this state, law of any other state, or federal
law, rule, policy, executive order, or procedure. The immunity granted under
this section remains in effect for the duration of the COVID-19 state of
emergency or state of disaster or through September 30, 2020, whichever is
later.
(5) An individual listed
in subsection (6), during a state of disaster declared by the governor, may
practice, in addition to the authority granted by other statutes of this state,
the administration of anesthetics; minor surgery; intravenous, subcutaneous, or
intramuscular procedure; or oral and topical medication; or a combination of
these under the supervision of a member of the medical staff of a licensed
hospital of this state, and may assist the staff member in other medical and
surgical proceedings.
(6) Subsections (4) and
(5) apply to all of the following individuals:
(a) Any of the following,
if licensed in this or another state or by the federal government or a branch
of the armed forces Armed Forces of the United States:
(i) A registered nurse.
(ii) A practical
nurse.
(iii) A nursing student
acting under the supervision of a licensed nurse.
(iv) A dentist.
(v) A veterinarian.
(vi) A pharmacist.
(vii) A pharmacist
intern acting under the supervision of a licensed pharmacist.
(viii) A paramedic.
(b) A medical resident undergoing training in a licensed
hospital in this or another state.
(c) Other licensed, registered, or unlicensed health care
professionals, or other health care providers, including their employers;
contractors, health care facility administrators, executives, supervisors,
board members, trustees, volunteers, students, trainees, or other comparable individuals
or agents of health care facilities; and other individuals otherwise authorized
by executive order or law of this state to provide health care services, with
or without a license, during a state of emergency or state of disaster.
(7) A person owning or controlling real estate or other
premises who voluntarily and without compensation grants to this state or a
political subdivision of this state a license or privilege, or otherwise
permits this state or a political subdivision of this state to inspect,
designate, and use the whole or any part or parts of the real estate or other
premises for the purpose of sheltering persons during an actual, impending,
mock, or practice disaster, together with his or her successors in interest, if
any, is not civilly liable for negligently causing the death of or injury to
any person on or about the real estate or premises under the license,
privilege, or permission or for loss or damage to the property of the person.
(8) A person owning or controlling real estate or other
premises who has gratuitously granted the use of the real estate or other
premises for the purposes stated in this section is legally obligated to make
known to the licensee any hidden dangers or safety hazards that are known to
the owner or occupant of the real estate or premises that might possibly result
in the death or injury or loss of property to a person using the real estate or
premises.
(9) As used in this section: , "gross
(a) "Damages" means economic or noneconomic losses
for harm to an individual including, but not limited to, compensatory damages,
punitive damages, pain and suffering damages, liquidated damages, back pay,
front pay, job restoration rights, attorney fees and costs, or any other
monetary or nonmonetary recovery available in law or in equity.
(b) "Disaster relief activity" includes training
for or responding to an actual, impending, mock, or practice disaster or
emergency.
(c) "Gross negligence" means conduct so reckless as
to demonstrate a substantial lack of concern for whether an injury results.
(d) "Harm" includes any physical or nonphysical act
or omission that results in injury to or death of an individual.
(e) "Health care facility" means 1 or more of the
following:
(i) A health facility or agency described in
section 20106 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333.20106.
(ii) State-owned surgical centers.
(iii) State-operated outpatient facilities.
(iv) State-operated veterans facilities.
(v) Facilities used as surge capacity for
any of the health care facilities described in this subdivision.
(f) "Health care professional" means a person
licensed, registered, or otherwise authorized to engage in a health profession
under article 15 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333.16101 to
333.18838.
(g) "Health care provider" means an individual who
is otherwise authorized to provide health care services during a state of
emergency or state of disaster.
(h) "Health care services" means services provided
by a health care facility, health care professional, or other health care
provider regardless of the location where those services are provided,
including the provision of health care services via telehealth or other remote
method.