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Act 386 of 1998 - ESTATES AND PROTECTED INDIVIDUALS CODE (700.1101 - 700.8206)
386‑1998‑I ‑ ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS, GENERAL PROVISIONS, AND COURT JURISDICTION (700.1101...700.1512)
     386‑1998‑I‑1 ‑ PART 1 SHORT TITLE AND DEFINITIONS (700.1101...700.1108)
          Section 700.1101 ‑ Short title.
          Section 700.1102 ‑ Applicability of definitions.
          Section 700.1103 ‑ Definitions; A to D.
          Section 700.1104 ‑ Definitions; E to H.
          Section 700.1105 ‑ Definitions; I to L.
          Section 700.1106 ‑ Definitions; M to P.
          Section 700.1107 ‑ Definitions; R to T.
          Section 700.1108 ‑ Definitions; U to Z.
     386‑1998‑I‑2 ‑ PART 2 CONSTRUCTION AND GENERAL PROVISIONS (700.1201...700.1214)
          Section 700.1201 ‑ Purposes; rules of construction.
          Section 700.1203 ‑ Supplementary general principles of law applicable; construction against implied repeal.
          Section 700.1205 ‑ Discovery and remedies for fraud, embezzlement, conversion, or withholding of assets.
          Section 700.1207 ‑ Evidence of death or status.
          Section 700.1208 ‑ Procedure to establish death of accident or disaster victim.
          Section 700.1209 ‑ Acts by holder of power of appointment.
          Section 700.1210 ‑ Cost-of-living adjustment.
          Section 700.1211 ‑ Court personnel prohibited from providing legal advice.
          Section 700.1212 ‑ Fiduciary relationship.
          Section 700.1213 ‑ Reference to unified credits, exemption, or deductions.
          Section 700.1214 ‑ Fiduciary; prohibited conduct.
     386‑1998‑I‑3 ‑ PART 3 SCOPE, JURISDICTION, AND COURTS (700.1301...700.1309)
          Section 700.1301 ‑ Territorial application.
          Section 700.1302 ‑ Exclusive subject matter jurisdiction.
          Section 700.1303 ‑ Concurrent jurisdiction; removal; policy.
          Section 700.1304 ‑ Register; powers.
          Section 700.1305 ‑ Appeals.
          Section 700.1306 ‑ Oath or affirmation on filed documents.
          Section 700.1307 ‑ Records and certified copies.
          Section 700.1308 ‑ Breach of duty; remedies; order for accounting.
          Section 700.1309 ‑ Appointment of special fiduciary or injunction.
     386‑1998‑I‑4 ‑ PART 4 NOTICE, PARTIES, AND REPRESENTATION IN ESTATE LITIGATION AND OTHER MATTERS (700.1401...700.1403)
          Section 700.1401 ‑ Notice; method and time of giving.
          Section 700.1402 ‑ Notice; waiver; order.
          Section 700.1403 ‑ Formal proceeding; pleadings; parties bound by others; notice.
     386‑1998‑I‑5 ‑ PART 5 PRUDENT INVESTOR RULE (700.1501...700.1512)
          Section 700.1501 ‑ Short title of part; definitions.
          Section 700.1502 ‑ Prudent investor rule.
          Section 700.1503 ‑ Portfolio strategy; risk and return objectives.
          Section 700.1504 ‑ Diversification.
          Section 700.1505 ‑ Duties at inception.
          Section 700.1506 ‑ Duties of fiduciary in interest of beneficiaries.
          Section 700.1507 ‑ Impartiality.
          Section 700.1508 ‑ Investment costs.
          Section 700.1509 ‑ Reviewing compliance.
          Section 700.1510 ‑ Delegation of investment and management functions.
          Section 700.1511 ‑ Language invoking standard of prudent investor rule.
          Section 700.1512 ‑ Application to existing fiduciary estates.
386‑1998‑II ‑ ARTICLE II INTESTACY, WILLS, AND DONATIVE TRANSFERS (700.2101...700.2959)
     386‑1998‑II‑1 ‑ PART 1 INTESTATE SUCCESSION (700.2101...700.2114)
          Section 700.2101 ‑ Intestate estate.
          Section 700.2102 ‑ Share of spouse.
          Section 700.2103 ‑ Share of heirs other than surviving spouse.
          Section 700.2104 ‑ Requirement that heir survive decedent for 120 hours.
          Section 700.2105 ‑ No taker; effect.
          Section 700.2106 ‑ Representation.
          Section 700.2107 ‑ Relative of half blood.
          Section 700.2108 ‑ Afterborn heirs.
          Section 700.2109 ‑ Advancements.
          Section 700.2110 ‑ Debts to decedent.
          Section 700.2111 ‑ Alienage.
          Section 700.2113 ‑ Individuals related to decedent through two lines.
          Section 700.2114 ‑ Parent and child relationship.
     386‑1998‑II‑2 ‑ PART 2 ELECTIVE SHARE OF SURVIVING SPOUSE (700.2201...700.2206)
          Section 700.2201 ‑ Surviving spouse's right to elective share.
          Section 700.2202 ‑ Election of surviving spouse.
          Section 700.2203 ‑ Failure to timely elect; exceptions.
          Section 700.2204 ‑ Actions not preventing election.
          Section 700.2205 ‑ Waiver of rights by surviving spouse.
          Section 700.2206 ‑ Pre-existing right not created.
     386‑1998‑II‑3 ‑ PART 3 SPOUSE OR CHILD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN THE WILL (700.2301...700.2302)
          Section 700.2301 ‑ Entitlement of spouse; premarital will.
          Section 700.2302 ‑ Omitted children.
     386‑1998‑II‑4 ‑ PART 4 EXEMPT PROPERTY AND ALLOWANCES (700.2401...700.2405)
          Section 700.2401 ‑ Applicable law.
          Section 700.2402 ‑ Homestead allowance.
          Section 700.2403 ‑ Family allowance.
          Section 700.2404 ‑ Exempt property.
          Section 700.2405 ‑ Selection, determination, and documentation.
     386‑1998‑II‑5 ‑ PART 5 WILLS, WILL CONTRACTS, AND CUSTODY AND DEPOSIT OF WILLS (700.2501...700.2519)
          Section 700.2501 ‑ Will; maker; sufficient mental capacity.
          Section 700.2502 ‑ Execution; witnessed wills; holographic wills.
          Section 700.2503 ‑ Writings intended as wills.
          Section 700.2504 ‑ Self-proved will.
          Section 700.2505 ‑ Witnesses.
          Section 700.2506 ‑ Choice of law as to execution.
          Section 700.2507 ‑ Revocation by writing or by act.
          Section 700.2508 ‑ Revocation by change of circumstances.
          Section 700.2509 ‑ Revival of revoked will.
          Section 700.2510 ‑ Incorporation by reference.
          Section 700.2511 ‑ Testamentary additions to trusts.
          Section 700.2512 ‑ Events of independent significance.
          Section 700.2513 ‑ Separate writing identifying devise of certain types of tangible personal property.
          Section 700.2514 ‑ Contracts concerning succession.
          Section 700.2515 ‑ Deposit of will with court in testator's lifetime.
          Section 700.2516 ‑ Delivery of will or codicil by custodian.
          Section 700.2517 ‑ Opening of safe deposit box.
          Section 700.2518 ‑ Penalty clause for contest.
          Section 700.2519 ‑ Statutory will.
     386‑1998‑II‑6 ‑ PART 6 RULES OF CONSTRUCTION APPLICABLE ONLY TO WILLS (700.2601...700.2608)
          Section 700.2601 ‑ Definitions.
          Section 700.2602 ‑ Scope; passage of property and after-acquired property.
          Section 700.2603 ‑ Substitute gift.
          Section 700.2604 ‑ Failure of testamentary provision.
          Section 700.2605 ‑ Increase in securities; accessions.
          Section 700.2606 ‑ Nonademption of specific devises; unpaid proceeds of sale, condemnation, or insurance; sale by conservator or agent.
          Section 700.2607 ‑ Nonexoneration.
          Section 700.2608 ‑ Ademption by satisfaction.
     386‑1998‑II‑7 ‑ PART 7 RULES OF CONSTRUCTION APPLICABLE TO DONATIVE DISPOSITIONS IN WILLS AND OTHER GOVERNING INSTRUMENTS (700.2701...700.2723)
          Section 700.2701 ‑ Scope.
          Section 700.2702 ‑ Requirement of survival by 120 hours.
          Section 700.2703 ‑ Protection of payors and other third parties.
          Section 700.2704 ‑ Protection of bona fide purchasers; personal liability of recipient.
          Section 700.2705 ‑ Choice of law as to meaning and effect of governing instrument.
          Section 700.2706 ‑ Power of appointment; meaning of specific reference requirement.
          Section 700.2707 ‑ Class gifts construed to accord with intestate succession.
          Section 700.2708 ‑ Definitions regarding beneficiary designation.
          Section 700.2709 ‑ Substitute gift.
          Section 700.2710 ‑ Multiple substitute gifts.
          Section 700.2711 ‑ Protection of payors.
          Section 700.2712 ‑ Protection of bona fide purchasers; personal liability of recipient.
          Section 700.2713 ‑ Definitions for survivorship with respect to future interests under terms of trust.
          Section 700.2714 ‑ Survivorship required for gift under trust; substitute gift; applicability of subsection (1).
          Section 700.2715 ‑ Multiple substitute gifts.
          Section 700.2716 ‑ No substitute taker; lapse.
          Section 700.2717 ‑ Class gifts to “descendants,”“issue,” or “heirs of the body”; form of distribution if none specified.
          Section 700.2718 ‑ Representation; per capita at each generation; per stirpes.
          Section 700.2719 ‑ Worthier-title doctrine abolished.
          Section 700.2720 ‑ Interests in “heirs”.
          Section 700.2721 ‑ Construction as to age of majority.
          Section 700.2722 ‑ Honorary trusts; trusts for pets.
          Section 700.2723 ‑ Will, trust, or beneficiary designation of decedent who dies after December 31, 2009 and before January 1, 2011; presumption; retroactive effective date; "2010 federal tax relief act" defined.
     386‑1998‑II‑8 ‑ PART 8 GENERAL PROVISIONS CONCERNING PROBATE AND NONPROBATE TRANSFERS (700.2801...700.2809)
          Section 700.2801 ‑ Effect of divorce, annulment, decree of separation, bigamy, and absence.
          Section 700.2802 ‑ Definitions relating to effect of certain criminal acts.
          Section 700.2803 ‑ Forfeiture and revocation of benefits.
          Section 700.2804 ‑ Protection of payors and other third parties.
          Section 700.2805 ‑ Protection of bona fide purchasers; personal liability of recipient.
          Section 700.2806 ‑ Definitions relating to revocation of probate and nonprobate transfers by divorce; revocation by other changes of circumstances.
          Section 700.2807 ‑ Revocation upon divorce; revocation by other changes of circumstances.
          Section 700.2808 ‑ Protection of payors and other third parties.
          Section 700.2809 ‑ Protection of bona fide purchasers; personal liability of recipient.
     386‑1998‑II‑9 ‑ PART 9 DISCLAIMERS (700.2901...700.2912)
          Section 700.2901 ‑ Short title of part; definitions.
          Section 700.2902 ‑ Right to disclaim; partial disclaimers; limitation on right to disclaim.
          Section 700.2903 ‑ Contents; signature.
          Section 700.2904 ‑ Delivery; timing; appropriate persons.
          Section 700.2905 ‑ Delivery; disclaimer under power of appointment; disclaimer of joint property or fiduciary power.
          Section 700.2906 ‑ Manner of delivery; filing with court.
          Section 700.2907 ‑ Disposition of disclaimed interest; effect on future interest.
          Section 700.2908 ‑ Disposition of disclaimed joint interest, trust interest, and fiduciary power.
          Section 700.2909 ‑ Persons bound; effect of disclaimer.
          Section 700.2910 ‑ Barring right to disclaim.
          Section 700.2911 ‑ Abolition of common law right.
          Section 700.2912 ‑ Effect on existing property interests.
     386‑1998‑II‑10 ‑ PART 10 INTERNATIONAL WILLS (700.2951...700.2959)
          Section 700.2951 ‑ Definitions.
          Section 700.2952 ‑ Validity.
          Section 700.2953 ‑ Form and procedure; requirements.
          Section 700.2954 ‑ Form and procedure; additional recommendations.
          Section 700.2955 ‑ Certificate.
          Section 700.2956 ‑ Effect of certificate.
          Section 700.2957 ‑ Revocation.
          Section 700.2958 ‑ Source and construction.
          Section 700.2959 ‑ Persons authorized to act in relation to international will; eligibility; recognition by authorizing agency.
386‑1998‑III ‑ ARTICLE III PROBATE OF WILLS AND ADMINISTRATION (700.3101...700.3988)
     386‑1998‑III‑1 ‑ PART 1 GENERAL PROVISIONS (700.3101...700.3108)
          Section 700.3101 ‑ Devolution of estate at death; restrictions.
          Section 700.3102 ‑ Validity of will by order of probate.
          Section 700.3103 ‑ Necessity of appointment for administration.
          Section 700.3104 ‑ Claim against decedent; necessity of administration.
          Section 700.3105 ‑ Proceedings affecting devolution and administration.
          Section 700.3106 ‑ Proceedings within jurisdiction of court; service; jurisdiction over persons.
          Section 700.3107 ‑ Proceedings; scope; independence.
          Section 700.3108 ‑ Repealed. 2000, Act 54, Eff. Apr. 1, 2000.
     386‑1998‑III‑2 ‑ PART 2 VENUE FOR PROBATE AND ADMINISTRATION, PRIORITY TO ADMINISTER, AND DEMAND FOR NOTICE (700.3201...700.3209)
          Section 700.3201 ‑ Venue for first and subsequent estate proceedings; location of property.
          Section 700.3202 ‑ Appointment or testacy proceedings; conflicting claim of domicile in another state.
          Section 700.3203 ‑ Priority among persons seeking appointment as personal representative.
          Section 700.3204 ‑ Representation by conservator or guardian; appointment without priority; disqualification.
          Section 700.3205 ‑ Demand for notice of order or filing concerning decedent's estate.
          Section 700.3206 ‑ Right and power to make decisions about funeral arrangements and handling, disposition, or disinterment of decedent's body; presumption; priority; shared rights and powers; personal representative or nominated personal representative; guardian; special personal representative; additional persons; reasonable attempt to locate person; effect of section on anatomical gift; conditions under which subsections (2) to (8) inapplicable; definitions.
          Section 700.3207 ‑ Petition; venue; hearing date; notice of hearing; funeral establishment as petitioner; factors to be considered in court decision.
          Section 700.3208 ‑ Filing in circuit court to challenge presumption; venue.
          Section 700.3209 ‑ Funeral establishment not civilly liable.
     386‑1998‑III‑3 ‑ PART 3 INFORMAL PROBATE AND APPOINTMENT PROCEEDINGS (700.3301...700.3311)
          Section 700.3301 ‑ Informal probate or appointment proceedings; application; contents.
          Section 700.3302 ‑ Informal probate; duty of register; effect of informal probate.
          Section 700.3303 ‑ Informal probate; proof and findings required.
          Section 700.3304 ‑ Informal probate; unavailable in certain cases.
          Section 700.3305 ‑ Informal probate; register not satisfied.
          Section 700.3306 ‑ Informal probate; notice requirements.
          Section 700.3307 ‑ Informal appointment proceedings; delay in order; duty of register; effect of appointment.
          Section 700.3308 ‑ Informal appointment proceedings; proof and required findings.
          Section 700.3309 ‑ Informal appointment proceedings; register not satisfied.
          Section 700.3310 ‑ Informal appointment proceedings; notice requirements.
          Section 700.3311 ‑ Informal appointment unavailable in certain cases.
     386‑1998‑III‑4 ‑ PART 4 FORMAL TESTACY AND APPOINTMENT PROCEEDINGS (700.3401...700.3415)
          Section 700.3401 ‑ Formal testacy proceedings; nature; commencement.
          Section 700.3402 ‑ Formal testacy or appointment; proceedings; petition; contents.
          Section 700.3403 ‑ Formal testacy proceedings; notice of hearing on petition.
          Section 700.3404 ‑ Formal testacy proceedings; written objections to probate.
          Section 700.3405 ‑ Formal testacy proceedings; uncontested cases; hearings and proof.
          Section 700.3406 ‑ Formal testacy proceedings; contested cases; testimony of attesting witnesses.
          Section 700.3407 ‑ Formal testacy proceedings; burdens in contested cases.
          Section 700.3408 ‑ Formal testacy proceedings; will construction; effect of final order in another jurisdiction.
          Section 700.3409 ‑ Formal testacy proceedings; order; foreign will.
          Section 700.3410 ‑ Formal testacy proceedings; probate of more than one instrument.
          Section 700.3411 ‑ Formal testacy proceedings; partial intestacy.
          Section 700.3412 ‑ Formal testacy proceedings; effect of order; vacation.
          Section 700.3413 ‑ Formal testacy proceedings; vacation of order for other cause.
          Section 700.3414 ‑ Formal proceedings concerning appointment of personal representative.
          Section 700.3415 ‑ Independent applications to court.
     386‑1998‑III‑5 ‑ PART 5 SUPERVISED ADMINISTRATION (700.3501...700.3505)
          Section 700.3501 ‑ Supervised administration; nature of proceeding.
          Section 700.3502 ‑ Supervised administration; petition; order.
          Section 700.3503 ‑ Supervised administration; effect on other proceedings.
          Section 700.3504 ‑ Supervised administration; powers of personal representative.
          Section 700.3505 ‑ Supervised administration; interim orders; partial distribution or other relief.
     386‑1998‑III‑6 ‑ PART 6 PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE AND APPOINTMENT, CONTROL, AND TERMINATION OF AUTHORITY (700.3601...700.3618)
          Section 700.3601 ‑ Qualification; limitation and procedure with regard to specified assets.
          Section 700.3602 ‑ Acceptance of appointment; consent to jurisdiction.
          Section 700.3603 ‑ Bond not required without court order; exceptions.
          Section 700.3604 ‑ Bond amount; security; procedure; reduction.
          Section 700.3605 ‑ Demand for bond by interested person.
          Section 700.3606 ‑ Requirements and provisions of bonds.
          Section 700.3607 ‑ Order restraining personal representative.
          Section 700.3608 ‑ Termination of appointment generally.
          Section 700.3609 ‑ Termination of appointment; death or disability.
          Section 700.3610 ‑ Termination of appointment; voluntary.
          Section 700.3611 ‑ Termination of appointment by removal; cause; procedure.
          Section 700.3612 ‑ Termination of appointment; change of testacy status.
          Section 700.3613 ‑ Successor personal representative.
          Section 700.3614 ‑ Special personal representative; appointment.
          Section 700.3615 ‑ Special personal representative; who may be appointed.
          Section 700.3616 ‑ Special personal representative; appointed informally; powers and duties.
          Section 700.3617 ‑ Special personal representative; formal proceedings; power and duties.
          Section 700.3618 ‑ Termination of appointment; special personal representative.
     386‑1998‑III‑7 ‑ PART 7 DUTIES AND POWERS OF PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVES (700.3701...700.3722)
          Section 700.3701 ‑ Time of accrual of duties and powers.
          Section 700.3702 ‑ Priority among different letters.
          Section 700.3703 ‑ General duties; relation and liability to persons interested in estate; standing to sue; accounting.
          Section 700.3704 ‑ Personal representative to proceed without court order; exception.
          Section 700.3705 ‑ Duty of personal representative; information to heirs and devisees; notice to attorney general; notice of spouse's right to election; notice to friend of the court.
          Section 700.3706 ‑ Duty of personal representative; inventory and appraisement.
          Section 700.3707 ‑ Employment of appraiser.
          Section 700.3708 ‑ Duty of personal representative; supplemental inventory.
          Section 700.3709 ‑ Duty of personal representative; possession of estate.
          Section 700.3710 ‑ Power to avoid transfers.
          Section 700.3711 ‑ Powers of personal representatives generally.
          Section 700.3712 ‑ Improper exercise of power; breach of fiduciary duty.
          Section 700.3713 ‑ Sale, encumbrance, or transaction involving conflict of interest; voidable; exceptions; presumption; compliance with Michigan prudent investor rule; exceptions.
          Section 700.3714 ‑ Persons dealing with personal representative; protection.
          Section 700.3715 ‑ Transactions authorized for personal representatives.
          Section 700.3716 ‑ Powers and duties of successor personal representative.
          Section 700.3717 ‑ Corepresentatives; concurrence.
          Section 700.3718 ‑ Powers of surviving personal representative.
          Section 700.3719 ‑ Compensation of personal representative.
          Section 700.3720 ‑ Expenses in estate litigation.
          Section 700.3721 ‑ Employment of agents and compensation of personal representatives and employees of estate; proceedings for review.
          Section 700.3722 ‑ Authority regarding environmental matters.
     386‑1998‑III‑8 ‑ PART 8 CREDITORS' CLAIMS (700.3801...700.3815)
          Section 700.3801 ‑ Notice of creditors.
          Section 700.3802 ‑ Statute of limitations.
          Section 700.3803 ‑ Limitations on time for presentation of claims.
          Section 700.3804 ‑ Manner of presentation of claims; commencement; claims by personal representative.
          Section 700.3805 ‑ Priority of claim payments; insufficient assets.
          Section 700.3806 ‑ Allowance and disallowance of claims.
          Section 700.3807 ‑ Payment of claims.
          Section 700.3808 ‑ Individual liability of personal representative.
          Section 700.3809 ‑ Secured claims.
          Section 700.3810 ‑ Claims not due and contingent or unliquidated claims.
          Section 700.3811 ‑ Counterclaims.
          Section 700.3812 ‑ Limitation on execution or levy against property of estate.
          Section 700.3813 ‑ Settlement of claims.
          Section 700.3814 ‑ Encumbered assets.
          Section 700.3815 ‑ Effect of administration in more than one state.
     386‑1998‑III‑9 ‑ PART 9 SPECIAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO DISTRIBUTION (700.3901...700.3924)
          Section 700.3901 ‑ Successors' rights in absence of administration.
          Section 700.3902 ‑ Distribution; order in which assets appropriated; abatement.
          Section 700.3903 ‑ Indebtedness; set-off.
          Section 700.3904 ‑ Interest on general pecuniary devise.
          Section 700.3905 ‑ Penalty clause for contest.
          Section 700.3906 ‑ Distribution in kind; valuation; method.
          Section 700.3907 ‑ Pecuniary bequests and trust interests.
          Section 700.3908 ‑ Proposed distribution.
          Section 700.3909 ‑ Distribution in kind; evidence.
          Section 700.3910 ‑ Distribution; right or title of distributee.
          Section 700.3911 ‑ Improper distribution; liability of distributee.
          Section 700.3912 ‑ Purchasers from distributees protected.
          Section 700.3913 ‑ Partition for purpose of distribution.
          Section 700.3914 ‑ Agreements among successors to decedent binding on personal representative.
          Section 700.3915 ‑ Distribution to trustee.
          Section 700.3916 ‑ Disposition of unclaimed assets.
          Section 700.3917 ‑ Duties of county treasurer.
          Section 700.3918 ‑ Distribution to person under disability.
          Section 700.3919 ‑ Final distribution to domiciliary representative.
          Section 700.3920 ‑ Apportionment of death taxes.
          Section 700.3921 ‑ Tax on separate interests; governing instrument provisions.
          Section 700.3922 ‑ Credit for foreign tax paid; payment and recovery of tax; delayed distribution; court determination of apportionment.
          Section 700.3923 ‑ Allocation of penalty and interest.
          Section 700.3924 ‑ Survival and wrongful death actions; court approval of settlement and distribution.
     386‑1998‑III‑10 ‑ PART 10 CLOSING ESTATES (700.3951...700.3959)
          Section 700.3951 ‑ Notice of continued administration.
          Section 700.3952 ‑ Formal proceedings terminating administration testate or intestate; order of general protection.
          Section 700.3953 ‑ Formal proceedings terminating testate administration; order construing will without adjudicating testacy.
          Section 700.3954 ‑ Closing estate by sworn statement of personal representative.
          Section 700.3955 ‑ Liability of distributees to claimants.
          Section 700.3956 ‑ Limitations on proceedings against personal representative.
          Section 700.3957 ‑ Limitations on actions and proceedings against distributees.
          Section 700.3958 ‑ Certificate of completion.
          Section 700.3959 ‑ Subsequent administration.
     386‑1998‑III‑11 ‑ PART 11 COLLECTION OF PERSONAL PROPERTY BY SWORN STATEMENT, SMALL ESTATES, AND SUMMARY ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEEDINGS (700.3981...700.3988)
          Section 700.3981 ‑ Delivery of cash not exceeding $500 and decedent's wearing apparel.
          Section 700.3982 ‑ Court order distributing small estates.
          Section 700.3983 ‑ Collection of personal property by sworn statement.
          Section 700.3984 ‑ Effect of sworn statement.
          Section 700.3987 ‑ Summary administrative proceedings.
          Section 700.3988 ‑ Closing by sworn statement of personal representative.
386‑1998‑IV ‑ ARTICLE IV FOREIGN PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVES AND ANCILLARY ADMINISTRATION (700.4101...700.4401)
     386‑1998‑IV‑1 ‑ PART 1 DEFINITIONS (700.4101...700.4101)
          Section 700.4101 ‑ Definitions.
     386‑1998‑IV‑2 ‑ PART 2 POWERS OF FOREIGN PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVES (700.4201...700.4205)
          Section 700.4201 ‑ Payment of debt and delivery of property to domiciliary foreign personal representative without local administration.
          Section 700.4202 ‑ Payment discharges; effect of resident creditor notice.
          Section 700.4203 ‑ Proof of authority; bond.
          Section 700.4204 ‑ Power of representatives in transition.
          Section 700.4205 ‑ Ancillary and other local administrations; provisions governing.
     386‑1998‑IV‑3 ‑ PART 3 JURISDICTION OVER FOREIGN REPRESENTATIVES (700.4301...700.4303)
          Section 700.4301 ‑ Jurisdiction by act of foreign personal representative.
          Section 700.4302 ‑ Jurisdiction by act of decedent.
          Section 700.4303 ‑ Service on foreign personal representative.
     386‑1998‑IV‑4 ‑ PART 4 JUDGMENTS AND PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE (700.4401...700.4401)
          Section 700.4401 ‑ Effect of adjudication for or against personal representative.
386‑1998‑V ‑ ARTICLE V PROTECTION OF AN INDIVIDUAL UNDER DISABILITY AND HIS OR HER PROPERTY (700.5101...700.5520)
     386‑1998‑V‑1 ‑ PART 1 GENERAL PROVISIONS (700.5101...700.5109)
          Section 700.5101 ‑ General definitions.
          Section 700.5102 ‑ Payment or delivery.
          Section 700.5103 ‑ Delegation of powers by parent or guardian.
          Section 700.5104 ‑ Request or notice; interested person.
          Section 700.5105 ‑ Kidney donation by minor.
          Section 700.5106 ‑ Appointment or approval of professional guardian or professional conservator as guardian or conservator; appointment of nonbanking corporation to act as fiduciary in state.
          Section 700.5107 ‑ Entry into or removal from LEIN.
          Section 700.5108 ‑ Appointment of guardian ad litem; preference prohibited.
          Section 700.5109 ‑ Release for injury of minor during recreational activity.
     386‑1998‑V‑2 ‑ PART 2 GUARDIANS OF MINORS (700.5201...700.5219)
          Section 700.5201 ‑ Appointment and status of guardians of minor.
          Section 700.5202 ‑ Parental appointment of guardian for minor.
          Section 700.5202a ‑ Appointment of guardian in another state as temporary guardian.
          Section 700.5203 ‑ Objection by minor of 14 years or older to parental appointment.
          Section 700.5204 ‑ Court appointment of guardian of minor; conditions for appointment.
          Section 700.5205 ‑ Court appointment of limited guardian; requirements.
          Section 700.5206 ‑ Review modification of plan; powers and duties of limited guardian.
          Section 700.5207 ‑ Review of guardianship of minor.
          Section 700.5208 ‑ Petition to terminate guardianship of minor.
          Section 700.5209 ‑ Court action on petition to terminate guardianship of minor.
          Section 700.5210 ‑ Order for termination of guardianship of minor.
          Section 700.5211 ‑ Venue.
          Section 700.5212 ‑ Court appointment of guardian of minor; qualifications; priority of minor's nominee.
          Section 700.5213 ‑ Procedure for court appointment of guardian, temporary guardian, or lawyer-guardian ad litem for minor.
          Section 700.5214 ‑ Consent to service by acceptance of appointment; notice.
          Section 700.5215 ‑ Powers and duties of guardian of minor.
          Section 700.5216 ‑ Compensation; claim for burial expense.
          Section 700.5217 ‑ Termination of appointment of guardian.
          Section 700.5218 ‑ Proceedings subsequent to appointment; venue.
          Section 700.5219 ‑ Resignation, removal, and other post-appointment proceedings.
     386‑1998‑V‑3 ‑ PART 3 GUARDIANS OF INCAPACITATED INDIVIDUALS (700.5301...700.5319)
          Section 700.5301 ‑ Appointment of guardian for incapacitated person by will or other writing.
          Section 700.5301a ‑ Appointment of guardian in another state as temporary guardian.
          Section 700.5302 ‑ Guardianship proceedings; venue.
          Section 700.5303 ‑ Court appointment of guardian of incapacitated person; petition; alternatives to appointment of full guardian; hearing.
          Section 700.5304 ‑ Evaluation and report; hearing.
          Section 700.5305 ‑ Guardian ad litem; duties; compensation; legal counsel.
          Section 700.5306 ‑ Court appointment of guardian of incapacitated person; findings; appointment of limited guardian; effect of patient advocate designation.
          Section 700.5306a ‑ Rights of individual for whom guardian is sought or appointed; form.
          Section 700.5307 ‑ Jurisdiction over guardian.
          Section 700.5308 ‑ Termination of guardian's authority and responsibility.
          Section 700.5309 ‑ Review of guardianship.
          Section 700.5310 ‑ Resignation or removal of guardian.
          Section 700.5311 ‑ Appointment or removal of guardian; notice of hearing.
          Section 700.5312 ‑ Court exercise of power of guardian; temporary guardian.
          Section 700.5313 ‑ Guardian; qualifications.
          Section 700.5314 ‑ Powers and duties of guardian.
          Section 700.5315 ‑ Payments for care of ward; claims at death.
          Section 700.5316 ‑ Partial management of property by ward.
          Section 700.5317 ‑ Guardianship proceedings; concurrent jurisdiction.
          Section 700.5318 ‑ Third person dealing with guardian.
          Section 700.5319 ‑ Appointment of conservator or protective order; report of amount of additional cash or property.
     386‑1998‑V‑4 ‑ PART 4 PROTECTION OF PROPERTY OF AN INDIVIDUAL UNDER DISABILITY OR OF A MINOR (700.5401...700.5433)
          Section 700.5401 ‑ Protective proceedings.
          Section 700.5402 ‑ Protective proceedings; jurisdiction.
          Section 700.5403 ‑ Venue.
          Section 700.5404 ‑ Original petition for appointment or protective order.
          Section 700.5405 ‑ Notice.
          Section 700.5406 ‑ Procedure concerning hearing and order on original petition.
          Section 700.5407 ‑ Permissible court orders.
          Section 700.5408 ‑ Protective arrangements and single transactions authorized.
          Section 700.5409 ‑ Appointment of conservator.
          Section 700.5410 ‑ Bond.
          Section 700.5411 ‑ Terms and requirements of bonds.
          Section 700.5412 ‑ Qualification; limitation and procedure with regard to specified assets; consent to jurisdiction.
          Section 700.5413 ‑ Compensation and expenses.
          Section 700.5414 ‑ Death, resignation, or removal of conservator.
          Section 700.5415 ‑ Petitions for orders subsequent to appointment.
          Section 700.5416 ‑ General duty of conservator.
          Section 700.5417 ‑ Inventory and records.
          Section 700.5418 ‑ Accounts.
          Section 700.5419 ‑ Conservators; title by appointment.
          Section 700.5420 ‑ Recording of conservator's letters.
          Section 700.5421 ‑ Sale, encumbrance, or transaction involving conflict of interest; voidable; presumption; compliance with Michigan prudent investor rule; exceptions.
          Section 700.5422 ‑ Persons dealing with conservators; protection.
          Section 700.5423 ‑ Powers of conservator in administration.
          Section 700.5424 ‑ Powers regarding environmental matters.
          Section 700.5425 ‑ Distributive duties and powers of conservator.
          Section 700.5426 ‑ Gifts; distribution to formerly protected individual; death of protected individual.
          Section 700.5427 ‑ Expansion or limitation of powers of conservator.
          Section 700.5428 ‑ Preservation of estate plan; right to examine.
          Section 700.5429 ‑ Claims against protected individual; enforcement.
          Section 700.5430 ‑ Personal liability of conservator.
          Section 700.5431 ‑ Termination of proceeding.
          Section 700.5432 ‑ Payment of debt and delivery of property to foreign conservator without local proceedings.
          Section 700.5433 ‑ Appointment of conservator in another state as temporary conservator.
     386‑1998‑V‑5 ‑ PART 5 DURABLE POWER OF ATTORNEY AND DESIGNATION OF PATIENT ADVOCATE (700.5501...700.5520)
          Section 700.5501 ‑ Durable power of attorney; definition; attorney-in-fact.
          Section 700.5502 ‑ Durable power of attorney not affected by lapse of time, disability, or incapacity; legal description of real estate not required.
          Section 700.5503 ‑ Relation of attorney in fact to court-appointed fiduciary.
          Section 700.5504 ‑ Power of attorney not revoked until notice.
          Section 700.5505 ‑ Proof of continuance of durable and other powers of attorney by affidavit.
          Section 700.5506 ‑ Designation of patient advocate; "community mental health services program or hospital" defined.
          Section 700.5507 ‑ Patient advocate designation; statement; acceptance.
          Section 700.5508 ‑ Determination of advocate's authority to act.
          Section 700.5509 ‑ Authority and responsibilities of patient advocate; suspension.
          Section 700.5510 ‑ Revocation of patient advocate designation.
          Section 700.5511 ‑ Binding effect; liability of provider; exception; dispute.
          Section 700.5512 ‑ Restrictions.
          Section 700.5513 ‑ Repealed. 2004, Act 532, Imd. Eff. Jan. 3, 2005.
          Section 700.5515 ‑ Revocation of patient advocate designation; waiver; exercise of power by patient advocate; conditions.
          Section 700.5520 ‑ Guardian making medical or mental health decisions; designation of another individual prohibited.
386‑1998‑VI ‑ ARTICLE VI NONPROBATE TRANSFERS ON DEATH (700.6101...700.6310)
     386‑1998‑VI‑1 ‑ PART 1 EFFECT OF DEATH (700.6101...700.6101)
          Section 700.6101 ‑ Effect of death.
     386‑1998‑VI‑3 ‑ PART 3 UNIFORM TOD SECURITY REGISTRATION (700.6301...700.6310)
          Section 700.6301 ‑ Definitions.
          Section 700.6302 ‑ Registration in beneficiary form; sole or joint tenancy ownership.
          Section 700.6303 ‑ Registration in beneficiary form; applicable law.
          Section 700.6304 ‑ Origination of registration in beneficiary form.
          Section 700.6305 ‑ Form of registration in beneficiary form.
          Section 700.6306 ‑ Effect of registration in beneficiary form.
          Section 700.6307 ‑ Ownership on death of owner.
          Section 700.6308 ‑ Protection of registering entity.
          Section 700.6309 ‑ Nontestamentary transfer on death.
          Section 700.6310 ‑ Terms, conditions, and forms for registration.
386‑1998‑VII ‑ ARTICLE VII MICHIGAN TRUST CODE (700.7101...700.7913)
     386‑1998‑VII‑1 ‑ PART 1 GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS (700.7101...700.7113)
          Section 700.7101 ‑ Short title of article.
          Section 700.7102 ‑ Scope.
          Section 700.7103 ‑ Definitions.
          Section 700.7104 ‑ Notice or knowledge of fact.
          Section 700.7105 ‑ Duties and powers of trustee; provisions of law prevailing over terms of trust.
          Section 700.7107 ‑ Governing law.
          Section 700.7108 ‑ Principal place of administration.
          Section 700.7109 ‑ Notice; methods; waiver.
          Section 700.7110 ‑ Others treated as qualified beneficiaries.
          Section 700.7111 ‑ Nonjudicial settlement agreement.
          Section 700.7112 ‑ Rules of construction.
          Section 700.7113 ‑ Penalty clause for contest of trust.
     386‑1998‑VII‑2 ‑ PART 2 JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS (700.7201...700.7211)
          Section 700.7201 ‑ Role of court in administration of trust.
          Section 700.7202 ‑ Jurisdiction over trustee and beneficiaries.
          Section 700.7203 ‑ Subject matter jurisdiction.
          Section 700.7204 ‑ Venue.
          Section 700.7205 ‑ Trust proceedings; dismissal of matters relating to foreign trusts.
          Section 700.7206 ‑ Court; concurrent jurisdiction of litigation involving trusts and third parties.
          Section 700.7207 ‑ Proceedings; review of employment of agents and compensation of trustee and employees of trustee.
          Section 700.7208 ‑ Trust proceedings; initiation by notice; interested persons.
          Section 700.7209 ‑ Registration of trust.
          Section 700.7210 ‑ Registration procedures.
          Section 700.7211 ‑ Registration; qualification of foreign trustee.
     386‑1998‑VII‑3 ‑ PART 3 REPRESENTATION (700.7301...700.7308)
          Section 700.7301 ‑ Representation; effect.
          Section 700.7302 ‑ Representation; holder of power of revocation or amendment or power of appointment.
          Section 700.7303 ‑ Representation by fiduciaries and parents.
          Section 700.7304 ‑ Representation by person having substantially identical interest.
          Section 700.7305 ‑ Appointment of representative.
          Section 700.7306‑700.7308 ‑ Repealed. 2009, Act 46, Eff. Apr. 1, 2010.
     386‑1998‑VII‑4 ‑ PART 4 CREATION, VALIDITY, MODIFICATION, AND TERMINATION OF TRUST (700.7401...700.7417)
          Section 700.7401 ‑ Creating trust; methods.
          Section 700.7402 ‑ Creating trust; requirements.
          Section 700.7403 ‑ Trusts created in other jurisdictions.
          Section 700.7404 ‑ Trust purposes.
          Section 700.7405 ‑ Charitable trusts; purposes; enforcement.
          Section 700.7406 ‑ Creation of trust induced by fraud, duress, or undue influence.
          Section 700.7407 ‑ Evidence of oral trust.
          Section 700.7408, 700.7409 ‑ Repealed. 2009, Act 46, Eff. Apr. 1, 2010.
          Section 700.7410 ‑ Modification or termination of trust; procedures for approval or disapproval.
          Section 700.7411 ‑ Modification or termination of noncharitable trust; consent; "settlor's representative" defined.
          Section 700.7412 ‑ Modification or termination of trust; unanticipated circumstances or inability to administer effectively.
          Section 700.7413 ‑ Cy pres.
          Section 700.7414 ‑ Termination or modification of noncharitable trust; section inapplicable to easement for conservation or preservation.
          Section 700.7415 ‑ Reformation to correct mistakes.
          Section 700.7416 ‑ Modification to achieve settlor's tax objectives; retroactive effect.
          Section 700.7417 ‑ Division or consolidation of trusts.
     386‑1998‑VII‑5 ‑ PART 5 CREDITOR'S CLAIMS; SPENDTHRIFT, SUPPORT, AND DISCRETIONARY TRUSTS (700.7501...700.7511)
          Section 700.7501 ‑ Application; purposes.
          Section 700.7502 ‑ Spendthrift provision.
          Section 700.7503 ‑ Trust for support.
          Section 700.7504 ‑ Spendthrift provision or support provision; exceptions; "child" defined.
          Section 700.7505 ‑ Discretionary trust; effect of standard; right of transferee or creditor.
          Section 700.7506 ‑ Creditor's claim against settlor; "settlor" explained.
          Section 700.7507 ‑ Overdue distribution; "mandatory distribution" defined.
          Section 700.7508 ‑ Personal obligations of trustee.
          Section 700.7509‑700.7511 ‑ Repealed. 2009, Act 46, Eff. Apr. 1, 2010.
     386‑1998‑VII‑6 ‑ PART 6 REVOCABLE TRUSTS (700.7601...700.7615)
          Section 700.7601 ‑ Capacity of settlor of revocable trust.
          Section 700.7602 ‑ Revocation or amendment of revocable trust.
          Section 700.7603 ‑ Powers of settlor; exceptions; settlor as incapacitated individual; powers of withdrawal; actions by predecessor trustee.
          Section 700.7604 ‑ Proceeding to contest validity of revocable trust; limitation; distribution of property; liability.
          Section 700.7605 ‑ Liability of trust for expenses, claims, and allowances.
          Section 700.7606 ‑ Payment of expenses and obligations of settlor's estate; duty of trustee.
          Section 700.7607 ‑ Rules regarding payment of expenses and obligations; priority; decedent as settlor of more than 1 trust.
          Section 700.7608 ‑ Duty of trustee to give notice.
          Section 700.7609 ‑ Presentation of claims against trust.
          Section 700.7610 ‑ Presentation of claims to assert liability; time limitation; exceptions.
          Section 700.7611 ‑ Allowance or disallowance of claims against revocable trust.
          Section 700.7612 ‑ Payment of claims by trustee.
          Section 700.7613 ‑ Secured claims; payment; basis.
          Section 700.7614 ‑ Claims due at future time, contingent claim, or unliquidated claim.
          Section 700.7615 ‑ Counterclaims of trustee.
     386‑1998‑VII‑7 ‑ PART 7 OFFICE OF TRUSTEE (700.7701...700.7709)
          Section 700.7701 ‑ Acceptance or rejection of trusteeship.
          Section 700.7702 ‑ Trustee's bond.
          Section 700.7703 ‑ Cotrustees; powers and duties.
          Section 700.7704 ‑ Vacancy in trusteeship; manner of filling; priority; appointment by court of additional trustee or fiduciary.
          Section 700.7705 ‑ Resignation of trustee; circumstances; issuance of orders and conditions; liability.
          Section 700.7706 ‑ Removal of trustee.
          Section 700.7707 ‑ Delivery of property by former trustee.
          Section 700.7708 ‑ Compensation of trustee.
          Section 700.7709 ‑ Reimbursement of expenses; advance of money as lien; advances and reimbursement not as self-dealing or breach of fiduciary duty.
     386‑1998‑VII‑8 ‑ PART 8 DUTIES AND POWERS OF TRUSTEE (700.7801...700.7821)
          Section 700.7801 ‑ Administration of trust; duties of trustee.
          Section 700.7802 ‑ Duty of loyalty.
          Section 700.7803 ‑ Impartiality; use of standards of Michigan prudent investor rule.
          Section 700.7808 ‑ Settlor's power to direct contrary to trust terms.
          Section 700.7809 ‑ Trust protector; exercise of powers.
          Section 700.7810 ‑ Control and protection of trust property.
          Section 700.7811 ‑ Recordkeeping and identification of trust property.
          Section 700.7812 ‑ Enforcement and defense of claims.
          Section 700.7813 ‑ Duty to locate trust property and compel delivery; retention of reserve for payment of expenses; improper distribution or payment from trust; wrongful conversion.
          Section 700.7814 ‑ Duty to inform and report.
          Section 700.7815 ‑ Discretionary powers; abuse; liability to beneficiary; rules; effect of limited or prohibited powers; exceptions.
          Section 700.7816 ‑ General powers of trustee.
          Section 700.7817 ‑ Specific powers of trustee.
          Section 700.7818 ‑ Environmental concerns or hazards; powers of trustee.
          Section 700.7819 ‑ Tax matters; powers of trustee.
          Section 700.7820 ‑ Payment provisions; facility.
          Section 700.7820a ‑ Irrevocable trust including discretionary trust provision; distribution; definitions.
          Section 700.7821 ‑ Distribution upon termination.
     386‑1998‑VII‑9 ‑ PART 9 LIABILITY OF TRUSTEES AND RIGHTS OF PERSONS DEALING WITH TRUSTEE (700.7901...700.7913)
          Section 700.7901 ‑ Remedies for breach of trust.
          Section 700.7902 ‑ Breach of trust; liability; damages.
          Section 700.7903 ‑ Damages in absence of breach.
          Section 700.7904 ‑ Attorney fees and costs; receipt of expenses and disbursements; reduction or denial of claim with respect to breach of trust.
          Section 700.7905 ‑ Commencement of proceedings; limitations.
          Section 700.7906 ‑ Reliance on trust instrument.
          Section 700.7907 ‑ Event affecting administration or distribution.
          Section 700.7908 ‑ Exculpation of trustee.
          Section 700.7909 ‑ Beneficiary's consent, release, or ratification of transaction.
          Section 700.7910 ‑ Personal liability of trustee; limitation.
          Section 700.7911 ‑ Interest as general partner.
          Section 700.7912 ‑ Protection of person dealing with trustee.
          Section 700.7913 ‑ Certificate of trust.
386‑1998‑VIII ‑ ARTICLE VIII MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS (700.8101...700.8206)
     386‑1998‑VIII‑1 ‑ PART 1 EFFECTIVE DATE AND REPEALER (700.8101...700.8102)
          Section 700.8101 ‑ Effective date; applicable provisions.
          Section 700.8102 ‑ Repeal of certain acts.
     386‑1998‑VIII‑2 ‑ PART 2 MICHIGAN TRUST CODE MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS; EFFECTIVE DATE (700.8201...700.8206)
          Section 700.8201 ‑ Construction of article VII.
          Section 700.8202 ‑ Electronic records and signatures.
          Section 700.8204 ‑ Effective date.
          Section 700.8206 ‑ Application to existing relationships.