(1) Except as otherwise defined in this article, as used in this article:

    (a) "County juvenile agency" means that term as defined in section 2 of the county juvenile agency act, 1998 PA 518, MCL 45.622.

    (b) "Crime" means a violation of a penal law of this state for which the offender, upon conviction, may be punished by imprisonment for more than 1 year or an offense expressly designated by law as a felony.

    (c) "Crime victim services commission" means that term as described in section 2 of 1976 PA 223, MCL 18.352.

    (d) "Defendant" means a person charged with, convicted of, or found not guilty by reason of insanity of committing a crime against a victim.

    (e) "Facility", as used in sections 6, 13a, 19a, and 20 only, and not with reference to a juvenile facility, means that term as defined in section 100b of the mental health code, 1974 PA 258, MCL 330.1100b.

    (f) "Final disposition" means the ultimate termination of the criminal prosecution of a defendant including, but not limited to, dismissal, acquittal, or imposition of sentence by the court.

    (g) "Juvenile" means a person within the jurisdiction of the circuit court under section 606 of the revised judicature act of 1961, 1961 PA 236, MCL 600.606.

    (h) "Juvenile facility" means a county facility, institution operated as an agency of the county or the family division of circuit court, or an institution or agency described in the youth rehabilitation services act, 1974 PA 150, MCL 803.301 to 803.309, to which a juvenile has been committed or in which a juvenile is detained.

    (i) "Hospital" means that term as defined in section 100b of the mental health code, 1974 PA 258, MCL 330.1100b.

    (j) "Person" means an individual, organization, partnership, corporation, or governmental entity.

    (k) "Prisoner" means a person who has been convicted and sentenced to imprisonment or placement in a juvenile facility for having committed a crime or an act that would be a crime if committed by an adult against a victim.

    (l) "Prosecuting attorney" means the prosecuting attorney for a county, an assistant prosecuting attorney for a county, the attorney general, the deputy attorney general, an assistant attorney general, or a special prosecuting attorney.

    (m) "Victim" means any of the following:

    (i) An individual who suffers direct or threatened physical, financial, or emotional harm as a result of the commission of a crime, except as provided in subparagraph (ii), (iii), (iv), or (v).

    (ii) The following individuals other than the defendant if the victim is deceased, except as provided in subparagraph (v):

    (A) The spouse of the deceased victim.

    (B) A child of the deceased victim if the child is 18 years of age or older and sub-subparagraph (A) does not apply.

    (C) A parent of the deceased victim if sub-subparagraphs (A) and (B) do not apply.

    (D) The guardian or custodian of a child of the deceased victim if the child is less than 18 years of age and sub-subparagraphs (A) to (C) do not apply.

    (E) A sibling of the deceased victim if sub-subparagraphs (A) to (D) do not apply.

    (F) A grandparent of the deceased victim if sub-subparagraphs (A) to (E) do not apply.

    (iii) A parent, guardian, or custodian of the victim, if the victim is less than 18 years of age, who is neither the defendant nor incarcerated, if the parent, guardian, or custodian so chooses.

    (iv) A parent, guardian, or custodian of a victim who is mentally or emotionally unable to participate in the legal process if he or she is neither the defendant nor incarcerated.

    (v) For the purpose of submitting or making an impact statement only, if the victim as defined in subparagraph (i) is deceased, is so mentally incapacitated that he or she cannot meaningfully understand or participate in the legal process, or consents to the designation as a victim of the following individuals other than the defendant:

    (A) The spouse of the victim.

    (B) A child of the victim if the child is 18 years of age or older.

    (C) A parent of the victim.

    (D) The guardian or custodian of a child of the victim if the child is less than 18 years of age.

    (E) A sibling of the victim.

    (F) A grandparent of the victim.

    (G) A guardian or custodian of the victim if the victim is less than 18 years of age at the time of the commission of the crime and that guardian or custodian is not incarcerated.

    (2) If a victim as defined in subsection (1)(m)(i) is physically or emotionally unable to exercise the privileges and rights under this article, the victim may designate his or her spouse, child 18 years of age or older, parent, sibling, grandparent, or any other person 18 years of age or older who is neither the defendant nor incarcerated to act in his or her place while the physical or emotional disability continues. The victim shall provide the prosecuting attorney with the name of the person who is to act in his or her place. During the physical or emotional disability, notices to be provided under this article to the victim must continue to be sent only to the victim.

    (3) An individual who is charged with a crime arising out of the same transaction from which the charge against the defendant arose is not eligible to exercise the privileges and rights established for victims under this article.

    (4) An individual who is incarcerated is not eligible to exercise the privileges and rights established for victims under this article except that he or she may submit a written statement to the court for consideration at sentencing.